Mikhail Gorbachev and the collapse of Communism

Their were two very important aspects to Gorbachev and the collpase of communism. The idea of
glastnort which is openness and the idea of peristokia which id economic reconstucting.

Collapse Of Communism

Communism collapsed for many reasons many being of which just because the leaders running the government did not believe in the communist ideology.Then their was the fact that they were so corrupted that the people could not put up with it anymore.They began to fight back and question what they were doing.They found most of their information from the growing media.
The people took the most symbolic thing of communism down, the Berlin wall.This wall separated east and west Germany and they could not trade with one another. So what they did was people took hammers and went to take pieces of it home as a present to show that they took it down and had a part in it.This was basically when the Soviet Union got wiped out.
The soviet union was no longer in charge. The country changed their flag back to the original striped one.The provinces that formed each had their own flag too.This helped to ease the threat of nuclear war.Because their was no threat anymore they did not have to worry. However people did have to worry about getting a new better job because a farmer was not recognized as a good job anymore.

Nelson Mandela and Apartheid

Apartheid was a policy the govnerment put down to seperate the whites from any other race.They put down laws which restricted the people who weren't white.This caused riots to rise and boycotts to happen in order to express their opinion.Then the president F.W. de Klerk got rid of it in 1994. The most impactful person was Nelson Mandela who was a leader in the African national congress.
Nelson Mandela was part of the African national congress and was arrested for treason.He was sentenced to life in prison but got realeased after 27 years.This was when he made his move and changed the way that Africa was being governered.He changed the whole system in 5 years and was elected as the President.
He was considered a hero because of the fact that he set his people free.Because of his voice and him not using straight up violence he changed the government.He freed both the bl;ack people and the white people.

African Independence

Africa faced so many civil wars and battles in such a short period of time. People took control and tried to change but in the end were over thrown by opposition. The leaders tried to improve and industrialize but in the end they did not have enough money and crippled the African economy. The African people just couldn't make up their mind on who to let have control.

The Cuban Missile Crisis

The Cuban missile crisis was when Russia fell back on the arm race. They had got scared of the fact that the US could lauch missiles at the soviet union but they could only attack eurpoe but not America. Russia then took Cuba and started to build bombs so it can be easier to bomb the US.We then quarantined Cuba and put a barrier around it to stop transports of more bombs to Cuba. Then we had got a letter which proposed that they would remove the missiles if the US would promise to not invade Cuba.
The hottest moment was when a bomb was shot down over Cuba. We then got a letter which stated to remove bombs from Turkey in exchange for the bombs in Cuba.We turned down this proposal and agreed to the first letter.This was considered the hottest moment because when this bomb was shot down it could of been considered as an attack and they could of fired.Then their would have been nuclear war. After they did remove the missiles from Cuba and we agreed not to invade Cuba.

NATO and The Warsaw Pact

The NATO or North Atlantic Treaty Organization was an organization of North America and European countries.It was created in order to ensure protection by the US for other countries and to keep Russia form getting to much power.It was also put in place to help the countries who were having economic problems.After this was created Russia created its own organization called the Warsaw Pact.
The Warsaw pact was made up of Russia and its satellite countries.It was made in order to fight back against the NATO.Russia put military personal into its satellite countries in order to increase its hold on them. Russia's Warsaw pact broke down when Russia started to have economic difficulties.Then the countries started to break apart and leave the organization.

FilmLesson:"The Right Stuff"

In the movie The Right Stuff the US and Russia were competing to see who had more of a technological advantage.What they were doing was trying to out match each other. First Russia sent their satellite into space which made us angry and we had to prove that we also had that technology. So what we did was send a monkey into space. Russia then out classed us by sending a man into space. They were winning the space race and were more technologically advanced then us.
Some of the scenes that stood in my head were when they keep having those government meeting that the US keep having in order to analyze a way to come back and beat them. Also the government keep saying that they had spies which were taking the footage of the spacecrafts which sort of confused me to how they got a man that close to Russia's space programs.

FilmLesson:"Schindler's List"

Schindlers List showed the holocaust mostly the way that it happened.I just didn't agree with the way it ended. When the people just walked away at the end of the movie mean while most people didn't walk away, I guess they just had to have short of a happy ending. Besides for this one detail I do think think the movie was accurate but also very gruesome images were shown.
The way that the people were just shot the moment that they stopped walking or rebelled is just crazy and the way that when the people got on the train they like gave them false hope by spraying water on them like playing with their minds. Their was also a couple of parts when they were marking them. It was like being marked for death. Also their were certain parts that frightened me.
When the families were being seperated and you knew the moment you let go of them you were never going to see them again, how heart breaking that must of been. Also the part when the guard shot the little kis staright in the head without mercy or remorse , did the guards have any sense of morals.

FilmLesson-"Night and Fog"

Night and Fog was a movie about the holocaust.It had alot of very disturbing images. It really shows the raw position of the bodies and the heads in the basket. It showed how cruel the Nazis really were to just let the people starve to death. In the movie you saw the dead people bones because they were that boney. I that the documentary was better then the Hollywood version. The documentary shows the way it actually was even though the movie went into more detail about how the transport was.
The documentary shows the people and condition of the bodies at that time when we found the camps. The hollywood version showed the workers of Schindler leaving alive mean while most of the people didn't live they died.The hollywood version did show more effectively the holocaust just because it went into more deatil since it was so long but the documentary was just a short film only meant to show you the main things that happened during peoples time in the concentration camp.

The Treaty of Versallies

The treaty of versailles was written in 1919 at the end of World War I. This document restricted Germany in many ways.First thing was that they had to pay reparations to all the countries. Then they could only have a 100,000 men army and could not use submarines and ships were restricted to carrying 10,000 tons of cargo. The major set back was that Germany's land overseas was distrubuted to the other countries and most of the land was given away. This also left about 7 million germans outside the new boarders.
With the high reparation cost Germany fell into depression which then Adolf Hitler came about and tried to overthrow the government. He failed the first time but then after serving nine years in prison came back and got power. Adolf hitler came into power because people wanted a leader to restore them to greatness. His way was that only pure germans should hold the future of germany and nobody else.
I think the historians say the treaty of verrsailles caused this because of the way everything played out. With the harsh punishment it caused the depression. Then when the people started to look for a new hope. This was Hitler came along, then with his confidence he won the people over and then started to kill off the people that opposed him.Then that was when problems started. This is why i think historians say that the treaty caused this

Mustaf Kemal and the modernization of Turkey

Secularism was the seperation of religion and state. Also it meant seperating religion from everything and getting rid of the restaints that religion puts on thinking. This allowed for more ideas to be relized since they did not to worry about their religious beliefs limiting them.
Mustafa Kemal a.k.a Atatuk which meant father of the turks was the person who helped Turkey get their independence from the Ottoman empire. Atatuk first appered as a general in 1915, and faught off any invaders and after some impressive victories in 1923 Turkey got thier independence and the Republic of Turkey was created. He served as the president for 15 years until his death in 1938.
Atatuk made many changes to the government as well as the social society. He introduced the idea of Secularism which was the abloishment of relgion from all laws. Then he added a new Civil Code, Penal Code and Buisness law. He also made everybody rich or poor equal to the leagal system.In the social scene girls didn't have to wear veils and the calendar was changed to the western style instead of the Islamic calendar. Also the people got to pratice their faith without fear of consequence.

Film Lesson: "Gandhi"

Gandhi wasn't like famous nor was he someone of great importance before he helped India people get their freedom from Great Britain. Gandhi used the idea of civil disobedience to fight against the British government . Civil disobedience is when you don't fight back and just do things like the salt march without any incidents of violence. Gandhi philosophy was that if you have an eye for an eye then the whole world ends up blind which was one of his famous quotes. This ment that you cannot fight violence with violence, he didn't fight so that way Britain looked bad. He had did many things that helped India. The first thing he did was that he made his own cloths and told everybody to burn the cloths they had bought from the British government. Another thing that he did was the Salt March in 1930. This was when him and a group of people walked to the coast approximatley 248 miles away. Then they took the water and let it evaporate to let them have salt. With the British having a monoply on salt they got angry and lost money. This was when they began to arrest the people helping Gandhi with the salt. When they had imprisoned Gandhi after the salt march the people went to the Daharsha salt factory and tried to get in. The guards then began to hit them but they did not fight back they just got taken care of by the woman then just keep trying to go in. This made the British government look very bad. India had got its independence in 1945. Then in 1948 Gandhi was assassinated and killed by a hindu radical.

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